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St Edmund's College (colloquially Eddie's) is one of the 31 constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge. It is the second oldest of the four Cambridge colleges oriented to mature students, which only accept students reading for either masters or doctorate degrees, or undergraduate degrees if they are aged 21 or older (the oldest being Hughes Hall and the others being Wolfson College and Lucy Cavendish College; additionally, Darwin College and Clare Hall admit graduate students only). Over three-quarters of St Edmund's students are studying towards higher degrees, usually the PhD, MPhil or LLM degrees. The college is named after St Edmund of Abingdon (1175–1240) who was the first known Oxford Master of Arts and the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1234 to 1240. The college is located about 15 minutes walk northwest of the centre of Cambridge, near Lucy Cavendish and the other hill colleges. Its campus is a garden setting on the edge of Roman Cambridge, with housing for over 250 students. ==History and buildings== St Edmund's House was founded in 1896 by Henry Fitzalan Howard, the 15th Duke of Norfolk, and Baron Anatole von Hügel as an institution catering for Roman Catholic students at the University of Cambridge. After Catholic Emancipation, in particular after the repeal of Test Acts in 1873, students who were Roman Catholics were finally admitted as members of the university. In its early days the college functioned predominantly as a lodging house, or residential hall of residence, for students who were matriculated at other colleges. Most of the students, at that time, were ordained Catholic priests who were reading various subjects offered by the university. The college was established in the buildings of Ayerst Hostel, which had been set up for non-collegiate students by the Reverend William Ayerst in 1884. In 1896 Ayerst Hostel had to close due to lack of funds.〔E Leedham-Green 1996 ''A concise history of the University of Cambridge''. Cambridge University Press: 171-2.〕 Attempts to make St Edmund's House into a fully-fledged constituent college were made at various times after foundation, but were met by continuing hostility by the predominantly Protestant body of Cambridge MAs, graduates of the university who had the right to vote in the Senate House. These occasions often involved large numbers of MAs (who otherwise had only a tenuous connection with the university) congregating in Cambridge to scupper any attempt to uphold what they believed was a "papist" institution. One of the insider jokes, referring to an unsuccessful attempt by St Edmund's to get official recognition from the university, ran as follows: Two Cambridge MAs meet on a train. One of them asks: "Where are you going?" Answers the other: "I'm going to bury St Edmund's!" Meanwhile, the development of the college continued. The chapel was consecrated in 1916. A new dining hall was constructed in 1939. The membership of the college increased steadily. The college was now a recognized "House of Residence" of the university. In the 1960s the university decided to establish several colleges catering primarily to postgraduate students. St Edmund's House was accepted as one of the graduate colleges in the university, although today it also admits mature and affiliated undergraduates. In 1965 the college was permitted to matriculate its own students and new fellows were elected. In 1975 it acquired the status of an "Approved Foundation", in 1986 the name was changed from "St Edmund's House" to "St Edmund's College" and in 1996 it finally received full collegiate status. The college was granted its Royal Charter in 1998. The college now accepts students of all faiths and none; the Catholic character of the foundation is, however, still reflected in the chapel, which is unique amongst all colleges of the universities of Cambridge and Oxford in following the historic Roman Catholic tradition. In 2000 a new block of residential buildings housing 50 students was opened, named after Richard Laws, one of the former masters. In 2006, two new residential buildings, including rooms for 70 students as well as accommodation for married couples, were opened; these were named after the former master of the college, Sir Brian Heap, and the vice-master, Geoffrey Cook. In 2015 the college created controversy when it refused to turn its heating on despite temperatures falling to 4 degrees Celsius.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/11615520/Cambridge-students-left-sleeping-in-freezing-temperatures.html〕 College bursar Dr Richard Anthony cited "environmental and financial concerns" for not turning on the heating.〔http://cambridge.tab.co.uk/2015/05/19/new-ice-age-hits-st-edmunds-college-refuses-turn-heating〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「St Edmund's College, Cambridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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